Inter - between different things, like international. BGP ist inter-domain protocol.
Intra - within, inside. OSPF is a intra-domain protocol.
Link type (is it point-to-point link, and another router is attached, or a stub network is attached)
IP address of interface (for point-to point link)
ID of neigbour router (for point-to point link)
IP address of network (if stub network is attached to link)
Link cost
LS Age: always 0 when origin sends. Incremented, when R3 retransmits it to following routers
Explanation:
ABR1 can be reached via R1 with 5+15+5=25 costs
ABR2 via R3 with 5+1=6
D via ABR1 (smallest cost of ABR1 to D), hense R3
E via ABR2 (smallest cost of R4 to ABR, ABR1 to E and ABR2 to E costs are equal)
S only via R1